Dwight
David Eisenhower was
born October 14, 1890, at Denison, Texas,
the third of seven sons of David Jacob and
Ida Elizabeth Stover Eisenhower. The family
returned to Abilene, Kansas, in 1892 where
Eisenhower graduated from Abilene High School
in 1909. After leaving school Eisenhower
worked at the Belle Springs Creamery until
1911.
Eisenhower entered United States Military
Academy, West Point, New York, June 14, 1911,
and graduated June 12, 1915 going on to be
commissioned a Second Lieutenant in September
1915.
In 1916 Eisenhower married his fiancée
Mamie Geneva Doud of Denver, Colorado. Their
first son, Doud Dwight, was born September
24, 1917, and died January 2, 1921. Their
second son, John Sheldon Doud, was born August
3, 1922.
Eisenhower served with the Infantry from
September 1915 to February 1918 in Ft. Sam
Houston, Camp Wilson and Leon Springs, Texas
and Ft. Oglethorpe, Georgia. He then served
with the Tank Corps, February 1918 to January
1922 in Camp Meade, Maryland, Camp Colt,
Pennsylvania, Camp Dix, New Jersey, Ft. Benning,
Georgia, and Ft. Meade, Maryland. During
this time he was promoted to First Lieutenant
on July 1, 1916; Captain on May 15, 1917;
Major (temporary) on June 17, 1918; and to
Lieutenant Colonel (temporary) on October
14, 1918. Reverted to permanent rank of Captain
on June 30, 1920 and was promoted to Major
on July 2, 1920.
Eisenhower volunteered to participate as
a Tank Corps observer in the First Transcontinental
Motor Convoy from July 7, 1919 to September
6, 1919. He was then assigned as executive
officer to General Fox Conner, Camp Gaillard,
Panama Canal Zone, January 1922 to September
1924. Served in various capacities in Maryland
and Colorado until August 1925.
Eisenhower entered Command and General Staff
School, Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas, August 19,
1925, where he graduated first in a class
of 245, June 18, 1926. He then served as
battalion commander, 24th Infantry, Ft. Benning,
Georgia, August 1926 to January 1927.
Next Eisenhower was assigned to American
Battle Monuments Commission, directed by
General John J. Pershing. January to August
1927 served in Washington, D.C. office, writing
a guidebook to World War I battlefields.
In charge of guidebook revision and European
office, Paris, France July 1928 to September
1929.
On August 27, 1927, Eisenhower entered Army
War College, Washington, D.C. and graduated
June 30, 1928. Eisenhower served as executive
officer to General George V. Moseley, Assistant
Secretary of War, Washington, D.C., November
1929 to February 1933, then as chief military
aide to General Douglas MacArthur, Army Chief
of Staff, until September 1935.
September 1935 to December 1939 Eisenhower
was assigned to General MacArthur as assistant
military advisor to the Philippine Government.
Promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, July 1, 1936.
Eisenhower was next assigned to General
DeWitt Clinton, Commander, 15th Infantry,
for a short term in Ft.Ord, California, and
then permanently to Ft. Lewis, Washington
as regimental executive, from February 1940
to November 1940. Following this Eisenhower
was Chief of Staff for General Thompson,
Commander, 3rd Division, Ft. Lewis until
March 1941. He then served as Chief of Staff
to General Kenyon Joyce, Commander 9th Army
Corps, Ft. Lewis, until June 1941. Designated
Chief of Staff to General Walter Kreuger,
Commander 3rd Army, Ft. Sam Houston, Texas,
June 1941 to December 1941. Promoted to Colonel
(temporary), March 11, 1941, and to Brigadier
General (temporary), September 29, 1941.
Assigned to General Staff, Washington, D.C.,
from December 1941 to June 1942. Eisenhower
was named Deputy Chief in charge of Pacific
Defenses under Chief of War Plans Division,
General Leonard Gerow, December 1941. Designated
as Chief of War Plans Division, February
1942. In April 1942, appointed Assistant
Chief of Staff in charge of Operations Division
for General George Marshall, Chief of Staff.
March 27, 1942, promoted to Major General
(temporary).
Eisenhower conducted a mission to increase
co-operation among World War II allies, London,
England, May 1942. Designated Commanding
General, European Theatre, London, England,
June 1942. Named Commander-in-Chief, Allied
Forces, North Africa, November 1942. Promoted
to Lieutenant General (temporary), July 7,
1942 and to General (4 stars) (temporary),
February 11, 1943. Eisenhower was appointed
Brigadier General on August 30, 1943 and
was promoted to Major General on the same
date.
Eisenhower was appointed Supreme Commander,
Allied Expeditionary Forces, December 1943.
In this role he commanded forces of Normandy
invasion, June 6, 1944. December 20, 1944,
promoted to General of the Army (5 stars).
Shortly after the German surrender, May 8,
1945, Eisenhower was appointed Military Governor,
U.S. Occupied Zone, Frankfurt, Germany. On
April 11, 1946, wartime rank of General of
the Army converted to permanent rank.
Eisenhower was designated as Chief of Staff,
U.S. Army, November 19, 1945. He was inaugurated
as President, Columbia University, New York
City, June 7, 1948. He was named Supreme
Allied Commander, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation,
Europe, and given operational command of
Treaty Organisation, Europe and given operational
command of U.S. Forces, Europe, December
16, 1950. Eisenhower retired from active
service, May 31, 1952 and resigned his commission
July 1952.
Eisenhower announced his candidacy for the
Republican Party nomination for President
on June 4, 1952 in Abilene. He was nominated
at the Republican convention and elected
on November 4, 1952.
Eisenhower served two terms as President
of the United States, January 20, 1953 to
January 20, 1961. He saw the end of the Korean
War, promoted Atoms for Peace, and dealt
with crises in Lebanon, Suez, Berlin, and
Hungary in foreign affairs. Eisenhower saw
Alaska and Hawaii become states. He was concerned
with civil rights issues and the interstate
highway system in domestic affairs.
In March 1961, by Public Law 87-3, signed
by President John F. Kennedy,
Eisenhower returned to active list of regular
Army with rank of General of the Army from
December 1944. He maintained office at Gettysburg
College and residence at his farm near Gettysburg,
PA, January 1961-March 1969.
General Dwight D. Eisenhower died on March
28, 1969 at Walter Reed Army Hospital in
Washington, D.C. He was buried in the Place
of Meditation at the Eisenhower Centre, Abilene,
Kansas on April 2, 1969. |